Pica-pau-verde-barrado Colaptes melanochloros (Gmelin, 1788)

    Ave conhecida popularmente como Pica-pau-verde-barrado ou Pica-pau-carijó, entretanto seu nome científico é único, Colaptes melanochloros(Gmelin, 1788). Pertence a família Picidae, da qual também fazem parte, por exemplo, o Picapauzinho-anão(Veniliornis passerinus) e o Pica-pau-anão-canela(Picumnus fulvescens).

   Essa espécie é relativamente grande, alcançando 28cm de comprimento total e peso médio de 73 gramas. De maneira geral apresenta plumagem dorsal amarelo-esverdeada com barras escuras, enquanto na região ventral predomina a coloração creme com manchas arredondadas, na cabeça é notável a nuca vermelha e a testa negra, destacando-se uma faixa branca onde ficam os olhos. O macho possui uma mancha vermelha na maxila-base do bico.

 Alimenta-se principalmente de formigas, cupins e larvas de alguns outros insetos, ocasionalmente também inclui frutos em sua dieta. Nidifica em ocos de árvores que ele mesmo perfura ou em árvores mortas, palmeiras, cactos ou ainda em postes de madeira.  Ali põe de dois a quatro ovos de cor branca pura, sendo estes incubados pelo macho e fêmea que se reversam. Habita em  áreas abertas, bordas de mata, matas de galeria, cerrado, caatinga e também em áreas antrópicas, pois se adapta bem a ambientes alterados com árvores esparsas.

   Espécie residente com ampla distribuição geográfica no leste da América do Sul, ocorrendo no Brasil em parte da Amazônia(leste) e demais partes(regiões) do país, além do centro da Argentina, Bolívia, Paraguai e Uruguai. Durante as minhas excursões pelo estado do Rio Grande do Norte, tenho observado essa espécie nas mesorregiões Leste Potiguar, Agreste Potiguar e Central Potiguar.

Referências

FREIRE, A. A. 1999. Lista Atualizada de Aves do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal: Instituto de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Meio Ambiente do Rio Grande do Norte-IDEMA. 20 p.

GOP, F. Sagot-Martin. Lista I aves RN-arquipélagos extr. NE Brasil. Táxeus | Listas de espécies. 10/01/2003.

LIMA, L. M. Aves da Mata Atlântica: riqueza, composição, status, endemismos e conservação. 2013. 513f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. 2013.

LIMA, Pedro Cerqueira. Aves do litoral norte da Bahia. – 1 ed. – Bahia: AO, 2006.

PIACENTINI, V. et al. Annotated checklist of the birds of Brazil by the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee / Lista comentada das aves do Brasil pelo Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, v. 23, n. 2, p. 91-298, 2015.

PICHORIM, Mauro et al. Guia de Aves da Estação Ecológica do Seridó. Natal: Caule de Papiro, 2016.

SICK, H. Ornitologia Brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira. 1997. 863p.

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